Oral Medicine & Pathology
Oral cancer
What oral cancer is, and why regular check-ups help find changes early.
Where
Lips, tongue, mouth
Key factors
Smoking, alcohol
Check
At routine visits
See us if
Changes last 2+ weeks
Overview
Oral cancer is an abnormal growth that can appear on the lips, tongue, gums or other parts of the mouth. Like many cancers, it is more treatable when found early.
Most mouth changes are harmless, but some need a closer look. Regular dental check-ups include looking at the soft tissues of your mouth, which helps spot anything unusual.
What to know
- Finding changes early gives the best chance of treatment
- Most mouth lumps and sores are not cancer
- Check-ups include a look at your mouth's soft tissues
- Smoking and heavy alcohol raise the risk
- See us if a sore or patch lasts more than two weeks
Common questions
What signs should I watch for?
A sore, lump or red or white patch that does not heal in two weeks.
Does a mouth ulcer mean cancer?
Almost always no. Most ulcers heal on their own within a week or two.
What raises the risk?
Smoking, heavy alcohol use, and some viruses such as HPV.
How is it checked?
Your dentist looks at and gently feels the tissues, and may refer you if needed.
What if something is found?
We arrange further assessment, often a biopsy, to find out what it is.
Related topics
Dr Rick Iskandar · Reviewed June 2026